Glacier National Park: A Comprehensive Guide
In northwestern Montana, Glacier National Park is a haven of natural beauty, offering a breathtaking landscape of rugged mountains, pristine lakes, and ancient glaciers. This national park is a must-visit destination for nature enthusiasts, adventure seekers, and anyone looking to experience the grandeur of the great outdoors.
A Glimpse into History
Glacier National Park was established on May 11, 1910, as America’s 10th national park. The park’s stunning alpine scenery and numerous glaciers quickly made it a popular destination. The Great Northern Railway played a significant role in promoting tourism by building hotels, chalets, and horse trails, encouraging Americans to "See America first." However, as automobiles became more popular, roads were demanded, leading to the creation of the iconic Going-to-the-Sun Road. Completed in the late 1920s, this engineering marvel with just one switchback blends seamlessly into the natural landscape and is now considered one of the best mountain roads in America.
Getting to Glacier National Park
Located on the U.S.-Canada border, Glacier National Park and Waterton Lakes National Park in Alberta form the Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park. To reach Glacier, you can fly into Glacier Park International Airport (FCA) in Kalispell, which offers year-round flights from cities like Denver, Las Vegas, Minneapolis, Salt Lake City, and Seattle.
Once there, the Going-to-the-Sun Road is the main route through the park, but be mindful of vehicle restrictions: vehicles longer than 21 feet or wider than eight feet are not permitted between Avalanche Campground and the Rising Sun picnic area. If you’re not comfortable driving narrow, cliff-hugging roads, consider taking the free Going-to-the-Sun Road Shuttle or a tour with Sun Tours or Red Bus Tours.
Best Time to Visit
Summer: The peak season is July and August when temperatures range from the low 40s at night to the high 70s during the day. High-country trails are usually snow-free by early July, and this is also the best time for viewing waterfalls and wildflowers.
Shoulder Seasons and Winter: The Going-to-the-Sun Road may not open until late May or even late June and closes in the fall with the first snowfall. Most visitor facilities are closed from early October to late May. Winter transforms Glacier into a snow-covered wonderland ideal for snowshoeing and cross-country skiing.
Things to Do
With over a million acres to explore, Glacier National Park offers a plethora of activities:
Scenic Drives: The Going-to-the-Sun Road is a must. This 50-mile drive from West Glacier to St. Mary offers spectacular views of glaciers, waterfalls, and mountain peaks. The drives to Many Glacier and Two Medicine are also highly recommended.
Hiking: With more than 700 miles of trails, Glacier is a hiker’s paradise. Popular hikes include:
Avalanche Lake (Lake McDonald): A moderate 4.6-mile round trip with stunning lake views.
Hidden Lake (Logan Pass): A moderate 5.4-mile round trip with expansive mountain meadows and frequent sightings of mountain goats.
Grinnell Glacier (Many Glacier): A strenuous 7.6-mile round trip offering breathtaking views of Grinnell Lake and several glaciers.
Iceberg Lake (Many Glacier): A strenuous 9.7-mile round trip with alpine lake and mountain views.
Boat Tours and Rentals: Guided boat tours and rentals are available at Lake McDonald, Many Glacier, Two Medicine, and St. Mary Lake. Rafting trips on the Middle and North Forks of the Flathead River are also popular.
Wildlife Viewing: Glacier is home to 71 species of mammals, including elk, moose, and grizzly bears. Always carry bear spray and be prepared for encounters by making noise on the trails.
Visitor Centers: The park has three main visitor centers:
Apgar Visitor Center: Open mid-May through mid-October.
Logan Pass Visitor Center: Highlights the park’s mountain environment and glaciers, open early summer through late September.
St. Mary Visitor Center: Focuses on Native American history, open late May through early October.
Where to Stay
Inside the Park: Accommodations range from historic lodges to campgrounds. Popular options include:
Apgar Village (west): Apgar Village Lodge & Cabins and Village Inn at Apgar.
Lake McDonald (west): Lake McDonald Lodge, Cabins & Suites, and Motel Lake McDonald.
Many Glacier (east): Many Glacier Hotel and Swiftcurrent Motor Inn & Cabins.
St. Mary Valley (east): Rising Sun Motor Inn & Cabins.
Outside the Park: Year-round lodging is available in nearby towns like West Glacier, St. Mary, East Glacier, Browning, Columbia Falls, Kalispell, and Whitefish. For RV hookups, consider the West Glacier KOA or St. Mary/East Glacier KOA.
Dining Options
During the summer, restaurants and snack bars operate within the park:
Apgar Village (west): Eddie’s Cafe.
Lake McDonald Lodge (west): Jammer Joe’s Grill & Pizzeria, Lucke’s Lounge, and Russell’s Fireside Dining Room.
Many Glacier Lodge (east): Heidi’s Snack Shop, Ptarmigan Dining Room, and Swiss Lounge.
Swiftcurrent Motor Inn & Cabins (east): Nell’s.
Rising Sun Motor Inn & Cabins (east): Two Dog Flats Grill.
For year-round dining, visit nearby towns like Whitefish, West Glacier, East Glacier, Essex, and St. Mary. Don’t miss the huckleberry beer at Great Northern Brewery in Whitefish.
Glacier National Park is a treasure trove of natural wonders and historical significance. Whether you're exploring its scenic drives, hiking its diverse trails, or simply soaking in the majestic views, this park offers an unforgettable experience. Plan your visit carefully to make the most of your time and immerse yourself in the breathtaking beauty.
